每日归档： 2022年1月12日

盒子模糊（normalize设置为true就相当于均值模糊，跟blur函数一样）

#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include <iostream>

using namespace cv;
using namespace std;


int main()
{
    Mat src = imread("E:/opencv_source/opencv_tutorial_data-master/images/home.jpg");
    imshow("src", src);

    Mat dst;
    boxFilter(src, dst, -1, Size(10, 10), Point(-1, -1), true, BORDER_DEFAULT);
    imshow("dst", dst);

    waitKey(0);
    destroyAllWindows();

    return 0;
}

高斯滤波（核尺寸得是奇数）

#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include <iostream>

using namespace cv;
using namespace std;


int main()
{
    Mat src = imread("E:/opencv_source/opencv_tutorial_data-master/images/home.jpg");
    imshow("src", src);

    Mat dst;
    GaussianBlur(src, dst, Size(11, 11), 0);
    imshow("dst", dst);

    waitKey(0);
    destroyAllWindows();

    return 0;
}

基础卷积操作

#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include <iostream>

using namespace cv;
using namespace std;


int main()
{
    Mat src = imread("E:/opencv_source/opencv_tutorial_data-master/images/home.jpg");
    imshow("src", src);

	int h = src.rows;
	int w = src.cols;
	Mat result = src.clone();
	float filter[3][3] = { 1,1,1,
							1,1,1,
							1,1,1 };
	for (int row = 1; row < h - 1; row++)
	{
		for (int col = 1; col < w - 1; col++)
		{
			//3×3卷积
			int sb = src.at<Vec3b>(row - 1, col - 1)[0]*filter[0][0] + src.at<Vec3b>(row - 1, col)[0] * filter[0][1] + src.at<Vec3b>(row - 1, col + 1)[0] * filter[0][2] +
				src.at<Vec3b>(row, col - 1)[0] * filter[1][0] + src.at<Vec3b>(row, col)[0] * filter[1][1] + src.at<Vec3b>(row, col + 1)[0] * filter[1][2] +
				src.at<Vec3b>(row + 1, col - 1)[0] * filter[2][0] + src.at<Vec3b>(row + 1, col)[0] * filter[2][1] + src.at<Vec3b>(row + 1, col + 1)[0] * filter[2][2];

			int sg = src.at<Vec3b>(row - 1, col - 1)[1] * filter[0][0] + src.at<Vec3b>(row - 1, col)[1] * filter[0][1] + src.at<Vec3b>(row - 1, col + 1)[1] * filter[0][2] +
				src.at<Vec3b>(row, col - 1)[1] * filter[1][0] + src.at<Vec3b>(row, col)[1] * filter[1][1] + src.at<Vec3b>(row, col + 1)[1] * filter[1][2] +
				src.at<Vec3b>(row + 1, col - 1)[1] * filter[2][0] + src.at<Vec3b>(row + 1, col)[1] * filter[2][1] + src.at<Vec3b>(row + 1, col + 1)[1] * filter[2][2];

			int sr = src.at<Vec3b>(row - 1, col - 1)[2] * filter[0][0] + src.at<Vec3b>(row - 1, col)[2] * filter[0][1] + src.at<Vec3b>(row - 1, col + 1)[2] * filter[0][2] +
				src.at<Vec3b>(row, col - 1)[2] * filter[1][0] + src.at<Vec3b>(row, col)[2] * filter[1][1] + src.at<Vec3b>(row, col + 1)[2] * filter[1][2] +
				src.at<Vec3b>(row + 1, col - 1)[2] * filter[2][0] + src.at<Vec3b>(row + 1, col)[2] * filter[2][1] + src.at<Vec3b>(row + 1, col + 1)[2] * filter[2][2];
			result.at<Vec3b>(row, col)[0] = sb / 9;
			result.at<Vec3b>(row, col)[1] = sg / 9;
			result.at<Vec3b>(row, col)[2] = sr / 9;

		}
	}
	imshow("conv-demo", result);
	
    



    waitKey(0);
    destroyAllWindows();

    return 0;
}

卷积核都是1的情况：可以看到图变模糊了，也就是均值滤波

卷积核都是-1的情况：可以看到图跟取反效果是一样的

均值滤波

#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include <iostream>

using namespace cv;
using namespace std;


int main()
{
    Mat src = imread("E:/opencv_source/opencv_tutorial_data-master/images/home.jpg");
    imshow("src", src);

    Mat dst;
    blur(src, dst, Size(10, 10), Point(-1, -1), BORDER_DEFAULT);
    imshow("dst", dst);
	
    



    waitKey(0);
    destroyAllWindows();

    return 0;
}

边缘填充

#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include <iostream>

using namespace cv;
using namespace std;


int main()
{
    Mat src = imread("E:/opencv_source/opencv_tutorial_data-master/images/home.jpg");
    imshow("src", src);

    int border = 50;
    Mat border_m;
    copyMakeBorder(src, border_m, border, border, border, border, BORDER_DEFAULT);
    imshow("border", border_m);

    waitKey(0);
    destroyAllWindows();

    return 0;
}

#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include <iostream>

using namespace cv;
using namespace std;


int main()
{
    Mat src = imread("E:/opencv_source/opencv_tutorial_data-master/images/malware.png");
    imshow("src", src);

    Mat color = imread("E:/opencv_source/opencv_tutorial_data-master/images/lut.png");
    Mat lut = Mat::zeros(256, 1, CV_8UC3);
    for (int i = 0; i < 256; i++)
    {
        lut.at<Vec3b>(i, 0) = color.at<Vec3b>(10, i);
    }
    imshow("color", color);
    Mat dst;
    LUT(src, lut, dst);
    imshow("lut-demo", dst);

    //自带颜色查找表
    applyColorMap(src, dst, COLORMAP_AUTUMN);
    imshow("colormap-demo", dst);
    



    waitKey(0);
    destroyAllWindows();

    return 0;
}

直方图计算

API：
void calcHist( const Mat* images, int nimages,
                          const int* channels, InputArray mask,
                          OutputArray hist, int dims, const int* histSize,
                          const float** ranges, bool uniform = true, bool accumulate = false );

参数说明：

• images：输入的图片指针
• nimages：计算的图片数量
• channels：要计算图片哪个通道的直方图
• mask：要计算的区域，直接Mat()就代表整张图片
• hist：计算得到的直方图数组
• dims：直方图通道的个数
• histSize：把直方图分成多少个区间
• ranges：统计像素的范围
• uniform：是否归一化处理
• accumulate：多个图像时是否对直方图进行累加计算

#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include <iostream>

using namespace cv;
using namespace std;


int main()
{
    Mat src = imread("E:/opencv_source/opencv_tutorial_data-master/images/flower.png");
    imshow("src", src);
    vector<Mat> mv;
    split(src, mv);
    Mat b_hist,g_hist,r_hist;
    int histSize = 256;
    float range[] = {0,256};
    const float* ranges = { range };
    calcHist(&mv[0], 1, 0, Mat(), b_hist, 1, &histSize, &ranges, true, false);
    calcHist(&mv[1], 1, 0, Mat(), g_hist, 1, &histSize, &ranges, true, false);
    calcHist(&mv[2], 1, 0, Mat(), r_hist, 1, &histSize, &ranges, true, false);

    Mat result = Mat::zeros(Size(600, 400), CV_8UC3);
    int margin = 50;
    int nm = result.rows - 2 * margin;

    normalize(b_hist, b_hist, 0, nm, NORM_MINMAX, -1, Mat());
    normalize(g_hist, g_hist, 0, nm, NORM_MINMAX, -1, Mat());
    normalize(r_hist, r_hist, 0, nm, NORM_MINMAX, -1, Mat());

    float step = (result.cols - 2 * margin) / 256.0;
    for (int i = 0; i < 255; i++)
    {
        line(result, Point(step * i + 50, 50 + nm - b_hist.at<float>(i, 0)), Point(step * (i + 1) + 50, 50 + nm - b_hist.at<float>(i + 1, 0)), Scalar(255, 0, 0), 2, 8, 0);
        line(result, Point(step * i + 50, 50 + nm - g_hist.at<float>(i, 0)), Point(step * (i + 1) + 50, 50 + nm - g_hist.at<float>(i + 1, 0)), Scalar(0, 255, 0), 2, 8, 0);
        line(result, Point(step * i + 50, 50 + nm - r_hist.at<float>(i, 0)), Point(step * (i + 1) + 50, 50 + nm - r_hist.at<float>(i + 1, 0)), Scalar(0, 0, 255), 2, 8, 0);
    }
    line(result, Point(0, nm + 50), Point(result.cols, nm + 50), Scalar(255, 255, 255), 1, 8, 0);
    line(result, Point(50, result.rows), Point(50, 0), Scalar(255, 255, 255), 1, 8, 0);
    imshow("result", result);



    waitKey(0);
    destroyAllWindows();

    return 0;
}

直方图均衡化（增强灰度图的图像对比度）

#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include <iostream>

using namespace cv;
using namespace std;


int main()
{
    Mat src = imread("E:/opencv_source/opencv_tutorial_data-master/images/flower.png");
    imshow("src", src);
    Mat dst, gray;
    
    cvtColor(src, gray, COLOR_BGR2GRAY);
    imshow("gray", gray);
    equalizeHist(gray, dst);
    imshow("dst", dst);



    waitKey(0);
    destroyAllWindows();

    return 0;
}

利用直方图计算图像相似度

#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include <iostream>

using namespace cv;
using namespace std;


int main()
{
    Mat src1 = imread("E:/opencv_source/opencv_tutorial_data-master/images/malware.png");
    Mat src2 = imread("E:/opencv_source/opencv_tutorial_data-master/images/malware1.png");
    Mat src3 = imread("E:/opencv_source/opencv_tutorial_data-master/images/malware2.png");
    imshow("src1", src1);
    imshow("src2", src2);
    imshow("src3", src3);
    

    //直方图计算
    Mat hist1, hist2, hist3;
    int histSize[] = { 256,256,256 };
    int channels[] = { 0,1,2 };
    float c1[] = { 0,255 };
    float c2[] = { 0,255 };
    float c3[] = { 0,255 };
    const float* histRanges[] = { c1,c2,c3 };
    calcHist(&src1, 1, channels, Mat(), hist1, 3, histSize, histRanges, true, false);
    calcHist(&src2, 1, channels, Mat(), hist2, 3, histSize, histRanges, true, false);
    calcHist(&src3, 1, channels, Mat(), hist3, 3, histSize, histRanges, true, false);
    //归一化
    normalize(hist1, hist1, 0, 1.0, NORM_MINMAX, -1, Mat());
    normalize(hist2, hist2, 0, 1.0, NORM_MINMAX, -1, Mat());
    normalize(hist3, hist3, 0, 1.0, NORM_MINMAX, -1, Mat());

    //比较巴式距离
    double bh12 = compareHist(hist1, hist2, HISTCMP_BHATTACHARYYA);
    double bh13 = compareHist(hist1, hist3, HISTCMP_BHATTACHARYYA);
    double bh23 = compareHist(hist2, hist3, HISTCMP_BHATTACHARYYA);
    printf("bh12:%.2f,bh13:%.2f,bh23:%.2f\n", bh12, bh13, bh23);
    //相关性比较
    double ch12 = compareHist(hist1, hist2, HISTCMP_CORREL);
    double ch13 = compareHist(hist1, hist3, HISTCMP_CORREL);
    double ch23 = compareHist(hist2, hist3, HISTCMP_CORREL);
    printf("ch12:%.2f,ch13:%.2f,ch23:%.2f\n", ch12, ch12, ch23);
    



    waitKey(0);
    destroyAllWindows();

    return 0;
}

#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include <iostream>

using namespace cv;
using namespace std;


int main()
{
    Mat src = imread("E:/opencv_source/opencv_tutorial_data-master/images/flower.png");
    imshow("src", src);
    vector<Mat> mv;
    //分离
    split(src, mv);
    int size = mv.size();
    printf("number of channels:%d\n", size);
    imshow("blue channel", mv[0]);
    imshow("green channel", mv[1]);
    imshow("red channel", mv[2]);

    //合并
    Mat dst;
    merge(mv, dst);
    imshow("merge", dst);


    waitKey(0);
    destroyAllWindows();

    return 0;
}